1. Choose the Right Server Software
Your server software affects performance and what you can install.
| Server Type | Best For | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Paper | Most servers | Best performance + plugin support |
| Vanilla | Pure Minecraft | Official experience, fewer optimizations |
| Fabric | Lightweight mods | Fast updates and performance mods |
| Forge | Large modpacks | Biggest mod ecosystem |
If you are new, start with Paper. It is fast, stable, and has the best plugin ecosystem.
2. Install Java
Minecraft servers run on Java. Use Java 21 for Minecraft 1.20.5+ and Java 17 for 1.18-1.20.4.
Verify your installation:
java -version
3. Download the Server Jar
Download PaperWant a different type? Browse all server jars.
4. Create a Start Script
Create a start.bat (Windows) or start.sh (Mac/Linux) file:
java -Xms4G -Xmx4G -jar server.jar --nogui
Optimize Startup Flags
Use the Startup Flags Generator for tuned JVM flags.
5. Accept the EULA
Run the server once. Then open eula.txt and change eula=false to eula=true.
6. Configure server.properties
Edit settings like view distance, max players, and game mode.
Need a clean config?
Use the server.properties generator to build a fresh file.
7. Let Friends Join (Port Forwarding)
To allow external players to join:
- Log into your router
- Forward TCP port
25565to your server PC - Allow Minecraft through your firewall
Full guide: How to Port Forward a Minecraft Server
Next Steps
- Install plugins with Spigot: How to install Spigot
- Switch to mods: How to install a Forge server
- Reduce lag: Optimization guide